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    英文筆記

    Ch1 英文基本句型

    • 2018-06-23 10:47:53
    • 792
    • 英文
    • Tetsuhiko
    • 重點1 主詞+不及物動詞（S+vi.)
      動詞本身就能表達完整意思，不需受詞或補語。　　S+vi.(+adv.)

      例句：
      1. He always smiles.
      2. The lovely girl sings sweetly.
      3. It rained heavily last night.
      4. Birds can fly in the sky.

      • 不及物動詞可加介系詞：
        He's smiling at me.
      • There + be (vi.) + S... (有...)
        1. There are fifty guests at the party.
        2. There seems to be no more trouble.
        3. There once lived an old woman in the village.

    • 重點2 主詞+不及物動詞+主詞補語（S+vi.+SC)
      動詞本身不能表達完整意思，需主詞補語。　　S+vi.+SC

      例句：
      1. The chicken soup tastes delicious.
      2. Canned foods do not go sour easily.
      重點例句：
      • As he felt sleepy, he fell asleep soon.

      • 此類動詞稱「連綴動詞 (Linking verb)」，其後常接形容詞作為主詞補語。
        1. 似乎：seem, appear
        2. 感覺：look, taste, sound, smell, feel
        3. 變成：become, come, go, get, grow, run, fall, turn
        4. 保持：remain, keep, stay

    • 重點3 主詞+及物動詞+受詞（S+vt.+O)
      動詞後面需接一個受詞，才能使句意完整。　　S+vt.+O

      例句：
      1. I like taking pictures of birds and insects.
      2. He passed the entrance examination last year.

      • 有些動詞可當及物動詞，也可當不及物動詞。
        1. The child grows(vi.) rapidly(adv.).
        2. She grows(vt.) flowers(O) in the garden.
      • 以下動詞之後要接動名詞當受詞：
        • miss (錯過)
        • mind (介意)
        • escape (逃避)
        • enjoy (喜歡)
        • consider (考慮)
        • avoid (避免)
        • risk (冒險)
        • finish (完成)
        • imagine (想像)
        • practice (練習)
        • suggest (建議)
        • quit (停止)
        • appreciate (感激)

        例句：
        1. You should avoid making mistakes again and again.
        2. I suggest going there by train.

    • 重點4 主詞+及物動詞+間接受詞（人）+直接受詞（事物）（S+vt.+IO+DO)
      動詞後面需接兩個受詞，才能使句意完整。　　S+vt.+IO+DO

      例句：
      1. She told her children an interesting story.
      2. His girlfriend wrote a letter to him.
      重點例句：
      • The story teaches(vt.) us(IO) what is right and what is wrong(DO).

      • 此類動詞稱「授與動詞」。
      • 間接受詞和直接受詞對調時：
        • 用 to 連接的授與動詞：
          give, bring, send, show, lend, teach, write, sell, offer, ...

          例句：
          • Mr. Wang teaches us English. = Mr. Wang teaches English to us.
        • 用 for 連接的授與動詞：
          make, buy, get, leave, choose, ...

          例句：
          • The kind man bought the poor boy a book. = The kind man bought a book for the poor boy.
        • 其他：
          • The stranger asked me a favor. = The stranger asked a favor of me.
            ※Ask sb. a favor （要某人幫忙）
          • The naughty boy played me a trick. = The naughty boy played a trick on me.

    • 重點5 主詞+及物動詞+受詞+受詞補語（S+vt.+O+OC)
      動詞後面需接一個受詞和一個受詞補語，才能使句意完整。　　S+vt.+O+OC

      例句：
      1. I found the room empty.
      2. English tests always make me feel nervous.

      • 以下動詞常以名詞作為受詞補語：
        • call (稱)
        • name (取名)
        • elect (選舉)
        • choose (選擇)
        • appoint (指定)
        • make (使成為)

        例句：
        1. They named the boat Titanic.
        2. The committee appointed him chairman.
      • 以下動詞常以動詞原形或分詞作為受詞補語，又稱「使役動詞」：　　S+vt.+O+VR / p.p.
        • have
        • make
        • let

        例句：
        1. I had Tom fix my car.
        2. His honesty makes him respected.
      • 以下動詞常以動詞原形或分詞作為受詞補語，又稱「感官動詞」：　　S+vt.+O+VR / V-ing / p.p.
        • hear
        • see
        • watch
        • feel
        • observe
        • notice

        例句：
        1. I watched her walking out of the room.
        2. I have never seen him scolded by his parents.
      • 以下動詞常以形容詞或分詞作為受詞補語：　　S+vt.+O+adj. / V-ing / p.p.
        • find
        • keep
        • leave

        例句：
        1. We should always keep the classroom clean.
        2. Don't leave the water running.
        3. Please keep the door closed.

      重要例句：
      • Don't leave your work half done.
        （工作不要半途而廢）
      • Teacher should encourage students to borrow books from the library more.
    • 實力診斷重要句子：
      • He rose from his chair when the doorbell rang.
      • Lisa left the window open when she left the language laboratory.
      • It is a well-known fact that the Mid-Autumn Festival falls on the 15th day of the 8th month in the lunar calendar.
    • 實力診斷翻譯題：
      • If you make an effort, your dream will come true someday.
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